HEBERLES

from CLAUSTHAL-

ZELLERFELD

c1580-1996

The booklet consists of ClauCover.rtf, ClauText1.rtf, ClauText2.rtf, fmt15896.xls, claulisa.doc.

CONTENTS PAGE No.

1. INTRODUCTION

This booklet provides details of some 1100 Heberles who have ancestors who lived in Clausthal-Zellerfeld. This includes anyone who has used the name at any time in their life. I have compiled this booklet and supplied it to representatives of Heberle families in Germany, France, USA, Brazil and Australia, hoping that they will keep it and pass copies on to their children, so that the knowledge of Heberle ancestors will not be lost There are probably a further 700 Heberles with ancestors from Clausthal-Zellerfeld, mainly German Heberles born in the last 100 years.

Much of the information in this booklet is based on incomplete information, with some guesswork. Please advise me of omissions and errors; as I may revise/update this booklet from time to time. This booklet is one of a series intended to culminate in the publication of a Heberle book in 2005.

This booklet has been typed in English. As such, umlauts (German) and graves (French) are difficult to type. Most Haberles have an umlaut (") over the a = (ä) (this is often typed as ae in English) and many French Heberles have graves(/) over one or both e�s = (é). In general, umlauts and graves have not been used, but may be inserted in a future revision.

Greg HEBERLE 194 Camberwarra Drive, Craigie 6025, West Australia Phone 08 94030412 Home 08 93340337 Work (Department of CALM, COMO 6152 West Australia.) Internet (Work) [email protected]

Thanks to everyone who helped to compile this booklet, particularly Karl-Heinz Hage, Ahnenforscher, Marktkirchengemeinde Clausthal, Hindenburgplatz 3, 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Germany; who extracted birth, death, marriage and occupation data from records held in Clausthal-Zellerfeld (2770 Deutsch Marks=$A2550) and Heinz Gobert of Ev-luth Kirchengemeinde Zellerfeld Pfarramt 1: Bornhardtstr. 3 38678 Clausthal-Zellerfeld who extracted similar data in Zellerfeld (265 Deutsch Marks = $A230). Special thanks are also due to Hans Heberle, Horst Stiefel, Jurgen Heberle, Noel Hurley, Susan Heberle (of Victoria).

b=born d=died m=married c=circa (approximate) ?=guessed (please advise correct details) NSW=New South Wales SA=South Australia Vic=Victoria WA=West Australia DOB=date of birth CZ=Clausthal-Zellerfeld

PLEASE SHOW THIS COPY TO YOUR RELATIONS, OR SEND THEM PHOTOCOPIES OF ALL OR PARTS OF IT

The origin of the name Heberle is uncertain:

• It may be occupational in origin, associated with the Germans and Jews, meaning "one who grew or dealt in oats", from the early German word "Haber" for oats (Hanks and Hodges, 1988).
• Its also possible that Heberle comes from "Eber", which is wild boar in German (source: Gonzales).
• It could be derived from "Heber" which means a loader or carrier (Jones, 1990).
• According to Heintze-Cascorbi, Hadu which meant battle and berht which meant famous in old high German, developed into Hadaperht, Habbert, Habert, Hebert, Heberlien, Heberle, Haberle and other names.

The first hereditary surnames were used in Germany around 1150 and by about 1450 virtually everyone had one (Hanks and Hodges, 1988). Prior to then, families had no set surnames.

The Heberle name may have been adopted in a number of places, over a period, ie it is polygenetic, rather than monogenetic (derived from one person). At my current level of knowledge, it appears that there may have only been some 50-100 Heberles in 1500 and about 170 Heberles in 1600. If so, it is possible that all of the world�s Heberles were derived from 1-say 4 unrelated Heberle families. Interested persons such as myself may be able to resolve this in the next few years, by family tree construction.

The most comprehensive published family history data is the IGI (International Genealogical Index) of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (Mormons) of over 250 million persons. The earliest definite IGI records of Heberles are c1555 for Rottenburg, 1559 for Waiblingen, 1570 for Neckarkreis, c1572 for Saulgau, 1576 for Ellwangen, 1581 for Hemmingen, c1589 for Empfingen, 1592 for Bopfingen, 1593 for Enslingen (all in Baden-Wurttemburg State of Gemany), c1580 for Clausthal-Zellerfeld (Lower Saxony), 1602 for Neenstetten (Bavaria). Heberle developed from Heberlin in the period 1621-1662 at Dambach (France) and from Heberlin to Haberlin to Heberle in the period 1600-1680 in Altusreid.

The mining towns of Clausthal and Zellerfeld were founded in the period 1532 (Zellerfeld) & 1554 (Clausthal). Presumably the copper lead zinc silver mines near Clausthal-Zellerfeld commenced during that period. Birth, death and marriage records in "Germany" were kept by the churches. Unfortunately, many of the churches and their records were destroyed during the 1500s and 1600s. The earliest Heberle birth, death or marriage records that I have seen for Clausthal-Zellerfeld is for 1617. Based on the family tree, the numbers of Heberles in the Clausthal-Zellerfeld area since 1550 may have been of the following order.

Based on the above data, which is certainly not reliable, some 20-30% of the German/World Heberles may have ancestors from Clausthal-Zellerfeld. Further research is needed to establish whether this is correct. * =Data from Heberle (1995), amended.

The Clausthal-Zellerfeld Heberles possibly originated from the Meissen Erzgebirge mining area in the central-east of Germany, between c1520 and c1580 (C Heberle 1935). If so, other (related) Heberles may have migrated from the Meissen area to other parts of Germany, including the Baden-Wurttemburg area, during the same period. As Goslar is only some 16 km from Clausthal-Zellerfeld and also a mining town, Heberles probably lived there also, during the 1600-1800 period. This will be investigated.

Goslar is a city in the SE of Lower Saxony State of Germany c10 km from the former East German border, founded in 922. At the northern foot of the Harz Mountains, it became a residence of the early Holy Roman emperors. There is also a town called Hahndorf c10 km north of Goslar, which probably gave its name to the Hahndorf near Adelaide South Australia, where many early German migrants settled. Rammelsberg mine just S of the city, produced silver, lead, copper, zinc and small quantities of gold, from 968 until its closure in 1988. A mining museum was established at the mine site in 1989. Other mines in the area date from the 1st century. For the smelting of the ores, large quantities of wood were required from the forests in the area. The deciduous hardwoods native to the area were converted to charcoal and replaced by fast growing fir (softwood). The Reichstag (legislative assembly) met in Goslar in the 11th and 12th centuries. The city was undamaged in World War II, because of its historical importance. Parts of the old city walls remain, including 16th century towers. There are stone and half timbered buildings from the 13-16th centuries. The Imperial Palace (c1040) Kaiserpfalz, restored late 19th century, is still standing. The cathedral (c1050) was demolished 1819 but medieval monastery and parish churches remain, including the 12th century Market Church. There is a State Archive and museums of natural science, art, history, hunting and forestry. Goslar is an important tourist base for the Harz Mountains. There is a large clothing factory and chemical plants. Population of 52,000 (1983). Religion 67% evangelist (protestant).

Twin towns in the SE of Lower Saxony State of Germany c20 km from the former East German border. Zellerfeld was founded in 1532, Clausthal in 1554. Altitude is 534-600m above sea level. Population 11,000 (1939), 17,000 (1951), 15,000 (1965), 16,000 (1971), 16,000 (1985). Religion 85% evangelist (protestant). Clausthal-Zellerfeld was the main mining centre of the upper Harz area, until the last mine closed in 1931. Mining of copper, zinc and lead ores commenced c1532. Clausthal-Zellerfeld has a Technical University, including a school of mines(founded 1769). There were 1,000 students enrolled at the university in 1965 and 3,500 in 1995. One of the world�s largest collections of minerals is held in the university. The town is a tourism (winter sports) and forestry centre. Manufactures include textiles and wood products. The market church (Marktkirche) has a seating capacity of 2200 and is Germany�s largest wooden church.

The central plateau of the Harz mountains averages 600 metres elevation and features deep cut ravines at its borders. The formation of the mountains begun some 400 million years ago in the Silurian period. The Harz area was then a shallow sea, which accumulated sediment, which over millions of years sunk some 5000-6000 metres, was heated and melted. Folding took place some 300 million years ago. Granites and ores containing lead, zinc, copper etc developed during a number of cycles of erosion, sedimentation and orogenesis. Glaciation occurred in the area some 15,000 years ago. Limestone caves are found in a number of locations, including at Bad Grund c10 km SW of Clausthal-Zellerfeld.

The climate of the Harz is very severe. Clausthal-Zellerfeld is some 200 km inland from the North Sea, at c52 degrees latitude, the latitude of the S part of Hudson Bay in Canada, Falkland Islands off South America, or 1000 km south of Tasmania, Australia. The highest peak in the Harz (Brocken @ c1142 m, c20 km E of Clausthal-Z) has an average temperature of 2.6 degrees C, the same as Iceland. Clausthal-Zellerfeld is at a lower elevation and considerably warmer, but the winters are long and rich in snow.

The mines required water power (water wheels) and a system of reservoirs and canals was developed from the 16th century on. There are hydro-electric power stations in the area.

The Harz national park of c22,000 ha was created in c1990. It includes the high country around Brocken. The Harz has long been used for recreation. The high Harz area around Brocken attracts some 3,000,000 visitors/year. Ski resorts include Braunlage c20 km SE of Clausthal-Zellerfeld. There is a Harz narrow gauge railway network, used by tourists.